Patient handout · Rheumatology
Gout
What it is
Gout is a type of arthritis caused by too much uric acid in the blood. Crystals form in a joint and cause sudden, very painful swelling. The big toe is often affected.
Common symptoms
- Sudden, severe joint pain, often at night
- Red, hot, swollen joint, commonly the big toe, ankle or knee
- Tenderness so strong that even a sheet hurts
- Firm lumps under the skin (tophi) in long-standing gout
What to expect at GSMC
- First visit: A rheumatologist reviews your symptoms, history and medicines, and examines your joints and skin.
- Tests: Blood tests and imaging, as needed, help confirm the diagnosis.
- Follow-up: Regular visits and lab checks help us adjust treatment over time.
Self-care tips
- Drink plenty of water. Limit alcohol, sugary drinks and large servings of red meat or shellfish.
- Take your medicines exactly as prescribed. Do not stop them on your own.
- Keep all lab and follow-up visits.
- Stay active with gentle exercise, and rest during flares.
When to call us
- A hot, swollen joint with fever
- A flare that does not settle with your usual plan
- Fever or signs of infection while on your medicines
- New symptoms, such as a rash, chest pain or leg swelling
Call 911 for chest pain, trouble breathing, or signs of a stroke.
This handout is general information and is not a substitute for medical advice.