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Knee Arthritis

Conditions

About Knee Arthritis

Knee arthritis, also known as osteoarthritis of the knee, is a degenerative joint disease characterized by the breakdown of cartilage in the knee joint. It is a common cause of knee pain and can affect individuals of all ages, although it is more prevalent in older adults.

Possible Causes of Knee Arthritis (with descriptions)

Knee arthritis can develop due to various factors, including:

  • Age: The risk of knee arthritis increases with age as the cartilage in the knee naturally wears down over time.
  • Previous Knee Injuries: Previous knee injuries, such as ligament tears or fractures, can increase the risk of developing arthritis in the affected knee.
  • Obesity: Excess weight places additional stress on the knee joints, accelerating cartilage degeneration and increasing the risk of arthritis.
  • Genetics: There may be a genetic predisposition to knee arthritis, with family history playing a role in its development.
  • Joint Overuse: Repetitive stress on the knees, such as from certain occupations or sports activities, can contribute to the development of arthritis.

Symptoms Linked to Knee Arthritis

Common symptoms associated with knee arthritis include:

  • Pain, stiffness, and swelling in the knee joint
  • Difficulty bending or straightening the knee
  • Joint instability or a sensation of grinding or clicking
  • Decreased range of motion and flexibility
  • Bony enlargements or deformities around the knee joint

Diagnosing Knee Arthritis

Diagnosing knee arthritis typically involves:

  • Medical History Review to assess symptoms, previous injuries, and risk factors
  • Physical Examination to evaluate knee function, range of motion, and signs of inflammation
  • X-rays or other imaging studies to visualize joint damage and assess the severity of arthritis
  • Lab Tests, such as blood tests or joint fluid analysis, to rule out other causes of knee pain and inflammation

Treating Knee Arthritis

Treatment for knee arthritis aims to relieve symptoms, improve knee function, and slow disease progression. It may include:

  • Medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), acetaminophen, or corticosteroids
  • Physical Therapy and Exercise Programs to strengthen muscles, improve joint stability, and increase range of motion
  • Weight Management to reduce stress on the knee joints
  • Assistive Devices like knee braces or orthotics to support and stabilize the knee
  • Intra-Articular Injections (e.g., corticosteroids, hyaluronic acid) to reduce pain and inflammation
  • Surgery for severe cases not responding to conservative treatments, including knee replacement or arthroscopic surgery

Possible Treatments

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Treatments for knee arthritis offered by interventional pain management physicians, rheumatologists, and orthopedic surgeons may include: