Facet Syndrome
Conditions
About Facet Syndrome
Facet syndrome, also known as facet joint osteoarthritis or facet joint syndrome, is a condition characterized by pain and inflammation in the facet joints of the spine. These small joints, located on the posterior aspect of the vertebrae, facilitate spinal movement and stability.
Possible Causes of Facet Syndrome (with descriptions)
Facet syndrome can have various causes, including:
- Degenerative Changes: Wear and tear on the facet joints over time, often due to aging or repetitive stress, can lead to facet syndrome.
- Joint Hypertrophy: Enlargement or overgrowth of the facet joints, known as hypertrophy, can occur as a response to degenerative changes or spinal instability.
- Facet Joint Injury: Trauma or injury to the facet joints, such as from a fall or sudden twisting motion, can cause inflammation and pain.
- Spinal Misalignment: Abnormal spinal alignment or curvature, such as scoliosis or kyphosis, can place excessive stress on the facet joints and contribute to facet syndrome.
Symptoms Linked to Facet Syndrome
Common symptoms associated with facet syndrome include:
- Localized or radiating back pain, typically worsened by bending backward or twisting
- Pain that may extend into the buttocks or thighs
- Stiffness and limited range of motion in the spine
- Tenderness or swelling over the affected facet joints
- Occasional episodes of sharp or stabbing pain with certain movements
Diagnosing Facet Syndrome
Diagnosing facet syndrome typically involves a combination of medical history review, physical examination, and diagnostic tests such as:
- Palpation of the spine to identify tender or swollen facet joints
- Diagnostic Injections (e.g., Medial Branch Blocks) to confirm facet joint involvement
- Imaging Studies (e.g., X-rays, MRI, CT scan) to visualize facet joint anatomy and rule out other potential causes of pain
Treating Facet Syndrome
Treatment for facet syndrome aims to reduce pain, inflammation, and improve spinal function. It may include:
- Activity Modification and Rest
- Physical Therapy and Exercise
- Medications (e.g., nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxants, analgesics)
- Intra-Articular Facet Joint Injections (e.g., corticosteroids or local anesthetics)
- Radiofrequency Ablation of the Medial Branches
- Facet Joint Denervation (Rhizotomy)
- Surgery (e.g., Facet Joint Fusion or Arthrodesis)
Possible Treatments
Treatments for facet syndrome offered by interventional pain management physicians and orthopedic surgeons may include: